SPONDYLOSIS EXERCISES, CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TREATMENT

SPONDYLOSIS

• SPONDYLOSIS is OSTEOARTHRITIS of the lumbar spine that is a degenerative change of your lower back (lumbar spine) due to wear and tear.

• It has a clinical characteristic of an insidious onset of pain and stiffness. 

• It is commonly seen in the older age group and the patient presents with low backache.

• SPONDYLOSIS shows loss of disc space, sclerosis, and osteophyte formation radiologically in your lower back.

• Compression of the nerve roots may occur at their exit at the intervertebral foramen and may cause neurological symptoms. 

• Conservative treatment plays an important role but for prolonged pain and neurological deficits, surgery may be required.

• Spondylolysis occurs in 5% of the general population

• Mostly spondylolysis is asymptomatic. 

• Symptoms may occur, due to muscle contraction and spasm, as the body tries to limit movement around painful areas.

• Spondylosis is a non-reversible process. which may increase with age but can be controlled with proper treatment.

CAUSES OF SPONDYLOSIS

• Repetitive trauma that may occurs in sports like gymnastics, diving, wrestling, weight lifting, that require frequent or persistent hyperextension of the lower back  

• Genetics—developmental defect 

• Bad posture and chronic back strain

• Previous intervertebral disc prolapse

SYMPTOMS OF SPONDYLOSIS

• Midline dull aching low-back pain that may worsen by standing.

• The symptoms may increase by extension-based activities.

• Limited back movements due to pain

• Low back pain initially worst during activity, but later present almost all the time. 

• You may have a catchy feeling while getting up from a sitting position, which improves as one walks a few steps. 

• There may be pain from the back, buttocks down the limb up to the thigh only without any nerve compression.

• Radiating pain may occur down the limb up to the calf (sciatica)as a result of irritation of one of the nerve root

• There may be complaints of transient numbness and paraesthesia, commonly on the lateral aspect of the leg or foot.

• As the amount of activity or movements reduce due to pain you may develop muscle weakness and muscle spasm

TREATMENT OF SPONDYLOSIS OR OA OF LOWER BACK

• Bed-rest helps to reduce pain.

• Drugs—NSAIDs, muscle relaxants, antidepressants, etc.

• Injections—local infiltration of hydrocortisone and epidural steroid injection.

• Physiotherapy

• Spinal braces or corsets.

• Back ergonomics

• Correct Posture

PHYSIOTHERAPY FOR  SPONDYLOSIS

Modalities 

• Heat therapy or cold therapy to relieve pain and muscle spasm 

• TENS

• Massage

EXERCISES FOR SPONDYLOSIS

LEVEL 1 

• BACK ISOMETRIC EXERCISE

• SUPINE PELVIC TILT EXERCISE
  

• ISOMETRIC ADDUCTOR SQUEEZE EXERCISE
  

• ISOMETRIC HIP FLEXION EXERCISE
  

• SEATED HIP TILT EXERCISE

• SEATED HIP WALK EXERCISE
  

• SEATED PELVIC TILT EXERCISE
  

• PRESS-UP EXERCISE
  

• SINGLE-LEG ELONGATION EXERCISE
  

• CHILD’S POSE EXERCISE
  

• ALLIGATOR EXERCISE
  

• BACK FLEXION EXERCISES (only 5 repetition)

• BACK ROTATION EXERCISE

No Back Extension Exercises Till the pain resolves completely

LEVEL 2 (start only after the pain subsides)

• BACK FLEXION EXERCISES (7-10 repetition)

• HAMSTRING STRETCH 1 EXERCISE

• CALF STRETCH EXERCISE

• PRONE BACK EXTENSION EXERCISE(only if pain-free)

• PLANK FROM KNEES EXERCISE

• PRONE KNEE BEND EXERCISE

• KNEELING SUPERMAN EXERCISE

• LANCELOT STRETCH EXERCISE

• SACRAL CIRCLE EXERCISE

• CLAM EXERCISE

• SIDE-LYING LEG RAISE EXERCISE

• LYING WAIST TWIST EXERCISE

• HIP FLEXOR STRETCH EXERCISE

LEVEL 3

• MCKENZIE EXTENSION EXERCISE

• SIDE PLANK (LEVEL 1) EXERCISE

• QUAD STRETCH EXERCISE

• HAMSTRING STRETCH 2 EXERCISE

• PRONE ARM AND LEG LIFT EXERCISE

• CALF RAISE EXERCISE

• PRONE PLANK EXERCISE

• PRONE LEG RAISE EXERCISE

• FOUR-POINT SUPINE KNEE LIFT EXERCISE

After your strength increases and your symptoms resolves completely you can start with the progression of the above exercise and swiss ball back exercise to regain full strength

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